In an ideal world, you would create a design, send a tech pack to a manufacturer, and jump straight into bulk production. Unfortunately, that only works for basic garments like standard T-shirts. When it comes to unique, custom-designed fashion pieces, sampling is essential.
Sampling ensures your garment matches the look, fit, functionality, and quality you envisioned. In fashion, there is no recall system for mistakes. Once a production run is complete, the cost of errors falls entirely on the brand. This is why sampling is a non-negotiable stage in professional garment development.
The standard sampling workflow includes three major phases: pre-production sampling, production sampling, and final approval.
Each stage has its own technical purpose in bringing your design from concept to production-ready reality.
This guide breaks down how the sampling process works and why it is crucial for every fashion brand, whether new or established.
The sampling process refers to creating trial versions of a garment before bulk production. These samples allow brands to evaluate the design’s fit, construction, and overall quality.
A garment can look perfect in a sketch or tech pack but require adjustments once it becomes a physical product. Sampling helps identify issues early, such as fabric inconsistencies, stitching problems, or functional flaws.
It is also a stage where brands learn more about fabric behaviour, cost efficiency, and whether the design is viable for mass production.
The process begins with an initial design concept, translated into a complete tech pack containing measurements, materials, trims, stitching details, and finishing specifications. Once the manufacturer receives this, the first sample — often called a prototype or first sample — is created.
From here, several rounds of revisions may follow. This back-and-forth ensures the garment meets all quality, fit, and design requirements before moving into production.
Pre-production sampling lays the technical foundation for your garment.
Your design is converted into a detailed technical document. This acts as the blueprint for manufacturing, outlining every essential element the factory needs to begin sampling.
Patterns are drafted using your tech pack specifications. A precise pattern is the foundation of a well-fitting garment. You can have this done independently or through your manufacturer. Pattern accuracy at this stage prevents costly errors later.
This initial version is used to test silhouette, proportions, and comfort. It’s common for the first fit sample to reveal issues such as tight seams, gaping, or incorrect measurements.
Based on feedback from the fit sample, the manufacturer revises patterns, materials, and construction details. Multiple revision rounds are normal and expected. The goal is to refine the garment until it matches your vision.
Once the design and fit are refined, a production sample is created. This sample is much closer to the finished product and uses the same materials, trims, and construction methods intended for mass production.
Fabric performance
Seam construction and finishing
Stitch quality
Buttonholes, zippers, and hardware
Overall durability
This is where you identify any inconsistencies or defects that could affect large-scale production.
The production sample also allows the manufacturer to accurately calculate pricing for materials, labour, and production. Clear samples mean more accurate quotes.
The final stage involves confirming the production sample and locking in details with your manufacturer.
You and the factory confirm that the garment meets all agreed specifications. Any last clarifications or minor adjustments happen here.
Once approved, the manufacturer builds a timeline outlining production milestones and estimated delivery dates. A reliable manufacturer ensures these timelines are realistic and achievable.
Sampling is not optional. It ensures that:
Your design is functional and achievable
Fit and comfort meet brand standards
Quality is consistent across production
Costs are understood before committing to bulk orders
Skipping or rushing this step almost always leads to expensive mistakes.
This overview covers the core stages of garment sampling, but every brand and product may require additional steps. A reliable manufacturer will guide you through each phase, communicate clearly, and help you avoid unnecessary risk.
At Spec to Sample, we specialise in supporting fashion brands through every stage of the sampling process. Whether you are launching your first collection or expanding an existing range, we ensure your designs are production-ready and executed with precision.
If you’re ready to start your sampling journey or want expert guidance on manufacturer selection, we’re here to help.
